Go 入门教程（2）安装配置 Visual Studio Code

我们推荐使用 Visual Studio Code ，它具有自动补全、编码规范（Code Styling）以及许多其他的特性。

下载安装 VS Code

访问官方网站，进行下载并安装。

Visual Studio Code

用户设置（User Settings）

点击菜单 文件 > 首选项 > 设置 即可打开用户设置页。也可以通过快捷键 Ctrl+, 来打开用户设置页。我们可以很容易的参考左边的 默认配置 来进行自己定义的设置。

调整本地语言

目前vscode 1.21 支持下面10种语言：

English (US) en
Simplified Chinese 简体中文 zh-CN
Traditional Chinese 繁体中文 zh-TW
French 法语 fr
German 德语 de
Italian 意大利语 it
Spanish西班牙语 es
Japanese 日语 ja
Korean 韩语 ko
Russian 俄语 ru

通过快捷键 Ctrl+Shift+P 打开 VsCode 的命令面板，输入 config 后就能显示出过滤后的 Configure Language 命令，点击这个命令就会新建或者打开locale.json文件，在这个文件中你就可以设置你的locale 语言了。
调整本地语言

安装 Go 插件

要开发 Go 程序，需要安装 Go 的插件 Go for Visual Studio Code 。
IDE Features
它支持以下功能：

自动完成列表 Completion Lists (using gocode)
方法和类的签名帮助信息 Signature Help (using gogetdoc or godef+godoc)
Snippets
快速信息 Quick Info (using gogetdoc or godef+godoc)
转到定义 Goto Definition (using gogetdoc or godef+godoc)
查找引用 Find References (using guru)
查找实现 Find implementations (using guru)
References CodeLens
文件大纲 File outline (using go-outline)
工作区符号搜索 Workspace symbol search (using go-symbols)
重命名 Rename (using gorename. Note: For Undo after rename to work in Windows you need to - have diff tool in your path)
保存时编译 Build-on-save (using go build and go test)
Lint-on-save (using golint or gometalinter)
保存时自动格式化 Format on save as well as format manually (using goreturns or goimports or gofmt)
Generate unit tests skeleton (using gotests)
添加导入 Add Imports (using gopkgs)
Add/Remove Tags on struct fields (using gomodifytags)
Semantic/Syntactic error reporting as you type (using gotype-live)
Run Tests under the cursor, in current file, in current package, in the whole - - - workspace (using go test)
Show code coverage
Generate method stubs for interfaces (using impl)
Fill struct literals with default values (using fillstruct)
[partially implemented] Debugging (using delve)
Upload to the Go Playground (using goplay)

通过快捷键 Ctrl+Shift+X 打开扩展程序面板，找到并安装 Go 插件。

我们在第一次使用 VS Code 编写 Go 程序的时候，编辑器右下角可能会提示需要安装所有依赖的Go工具，此时点击安装所有。
安装go工具
也可以运行 Go: Install/Update tools 命令来安装或更新这些工具。

注意：可能因为网络的原因，部分工具无法直接安装成功。
安装go工具失败

设置代理

打开文件 → 首选项 → 用户设置
在右侧setting.json里设置以下内容即可。(因为我用的是ss，所以以ss为例)

1 2	"http.proxy": "http://127.0.0.1:1080", "http.proxyStrictSSL": false

这样设置就大功告成了。重新再安装插件也顺利安装上了。

手动安装

从 VSCode 中的输出日志可以看到有9个工具没有安装成功。

Installing github.com/nsf/gocode SUCCEEDED
Installing github.com/uudashr/gopkgs/cmd/gopkgs SUCCEEDED
Installing github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline FAILED
Installing github.com/acroca/go-symbols FAILED
Installing golang.org/x/tools/cmd/guru FAILED
Installing golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gorename FAILED
Installing github.com/fatih/gomodifytags SUCCEEDED
Installing github.com/haya14busa/goplay/cmd/goplay SUCCEEDED
Installing github.com/josharian/impl FAILED
Installing github.com/davidrjenni/reftools/cmd/fillstruct SUCCEEDED
Installing github.com/rogpeppe/godef SUCCEEDED
Installing golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc FAILED
Installing github.com/sqs/goreturns FAILED
Installing github.com/golang/lint/golint FAILED
Installing github.com/cweill/gotests/... FAILED
Installing github.com/derekparker/delve/cmd/dlv SUCCEEDED

9 tools failed to install.

我们查看其中某个工具库 go-outline 安装失败的详细日志：

go-outline:
Error: Command failed: D:\go\bin\go.exe get -u -v github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline
github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline (download)
Fetching https://golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil?go-get=1
https fetch failed: Get https://golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.
package golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil: unrecognized import path "golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil" (https fetch: Get https://golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.)
github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline (download)
Fetching https://golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil?go-get=1
https fetch failed: Get https://golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.
package golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil: unrecognized import path "golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil" (https fetch: Get https://golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.)

在工作区目录下 src\github.com\ramya-rao-a\go-outline 可以看见该库是已经下载成功了，只是安装失败，因为安装时用到的依赖文件在 golang.org/x/tools 官网上。解决办法是我们手动下载该工具包到 src 目录中，并安装。

在工作区目录里的 src 下创建 golang.org/x 目录。
打开命令行工具，切换到创建的目录下，执行命令 git clone https://github.com/golang/tools.git tools 和 git clone https://github.com/golang/lint.git lint 下载两个工具包。
重启 VSCode ，再次执行安装就OK了。

还有些依然无法安装的，确保对应的库下载成功了，可以进行手动安装。打开命令行工具，切换到工作区的 src 目录，执行类似的命令。

1	go install github.com/ramya-rao-a/go-outline

参考 Go tools that the Go extension depends on

这里必须得吐槽一下，国内的开发人员真的好辛苦，配置个开发工具都费这么半天劲